{"id":4508,"date":"2023-08-01T11:35:37","date_gmt":"2023-08-01T11:35:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/?p=4508"},"modified":"2023-08-01T11:35:39","modified_gmt":"2023-08-01T11:35:39","slug":"python-dispatch-making-the-gil-optional","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/es\/python-dispatch-haciendo-el-gil-opcional\/","title":{"rendered":"Python Dispatch: Hacer opcional el GIL"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Python-Dispatch-1024x576.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4511\" srcset=\"https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Python-Dispatch-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Python-Dispatch-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Python-Dispatch-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Python-Dispatch-18x10.png 18w, https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Python-Dispatch.png 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>El Consejo Director ha hecho<a href=\"https:\/\/discuss.python.org\/t\/a-steering-council-notice-about-pep-703-making-the-global-interpreter-lock-optional-in-cpython\/30474\"> un gran anuncio sobre el futuro de Python<\/a>. En concreto, han decidido hacer que el Bloqueo Global del Int\u00e9rprete (GIL) sea opcional en CPython y, con el tiempo, eliminar el GIL por completo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Se trata de una gran decisi\u00f3n que alterar\u00e1 fundamentalmente a Python.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Por ello, en este post repasar\u00e9 qu\u00e9 es el GIL, sus ventajas e inconvenientes y qu\u00e9 nos depara el futuro.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">El GIL<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Perm\u00edtanme repasar el Bloqueo Global de Int\u00e9rpretes palabra por palabra en orden inverso, empezando por <em>cierre<\/em> y luego <em>int\u00e9rprete<\/em> y finalmente, <em>global<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Un bloqueo es un mecanismo que s\u00f3lo permite la ejecuci\u00f3n de un hilo a la vez. As\u00ed que cuando un hilo se hace con el bloqueo, obtiene acceso exclusivo al int\u00e9rprete de Python.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En <a href=\"https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/whats-the-difference-between-micropython-circuitpython-cpython-anyway\/\">el int\u00e9rprete es el programa que ejecuta el c\u00f3digo Python<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La palabra \"global\" aqu\u00ed se refiere al alcance del bloqueo del int\u00e9rprete. Dado que el bloqueo del int\u00e9rprete es global, garantiza que s\u00f3lo un hilo ejecute c\u00f3digo Python a la vez dentro de un \u00fanico proceso.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4520\" width=\"451\" height=\"345\" srcset=\"https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-1.png 645w, https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-1-300x229.png 300w, https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-1-16x12.png 16w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 451px) 100vw, 451px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Cr\u00e9dito: <a href=\"https:\/\/statusneo.com\/concurrency-in-python-threading-processes-and-asyncio\/\">EstadoNeo<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>As\u00ed que el GIL es un mecanismo que impide que varios hilos se ejecuten al mismo tiempo a trav\u00e9s del int\u00e9rprete. Pero, \u00bfpor qu\u00e9 querr\u00edas eso?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ventajas<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>La principal ventaja del GIL es que facilita las cosas. La gesti\u00f3n de la memoria es m\u00e1s f\u00e1cil, la gesti\u00f3n de los hilos es m\u00e1s f\u00e1cil y la creaci\u00f3n de m\u00f3dulos es m\u00e1s f\u00e1cil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sin el GIL, puedes encontrarte r\u00e1pidamente con problemas de multihilo. Si no colocas los bloqueos locales apropiados para cada hilo, puedes acabar bloqueando Python o corrompiendo alguna otra memoria del ordenador.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Y si no eres multihilo, entonces el GIL es s\u00faper \u00fatil, porque mantiene todo funcionando sin problemas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As\u00ed que el GIL mantiene las cosas sencillas y seguras.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Entonces, \u00bfpor qu\u00e9 no querr\u00edas eso?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Desventajas<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>En este caso, el compromiso es facilidad por rapidez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Al impedir el multihilo, el GIL hace que CPython sea m\u00e1s lento y tenga menos rendimiento que otros lenguajes (como C++, Go y Rust).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Especialmente con la explosi\u00f3n de la IA en los \u00faltimos meses, el GIL se est\u00e1 convirtiendo cada vez m\u00e1s en un problema para ejecutar programas de forma r\u00e1pida y eficiente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" hcb-fetch-image-from=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=9OOJcTp8dqE\" title=\"Keynote: Multithreaded Python without the GIL - presentado por Sam Gross\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/9OOJcTp8dqE?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">El futuro del GIL<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>As\u00ed que ahora que el Consejo de Direcci\u00f3n ha anunciado que ha aceptado la <a href=\"https:\/\/peps.python.org\/pep-0703\/#alternatives\">Propuesta de mejora de Python (PEP) 703, escrita por Sam Gross<\/a>estamos entrando en aguas desconocidas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Se han escrito innumerables extensiones teniendo en cuenta el GIL. Todos los est\u00e1ndares establecidos con CPython dependen del GIL. Todo el mundo construye en CPython con el GIL en el centro de sus programas (intencionadamente o no).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Por ello, el Consejo de Direcci\u00f3n ha decidido que, en un principio, el GIL sea optativo, pero a largo plazo tiene previsto eliminarlo por completo. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Como dicen en el post: \"No queremos crear una divisi\u00f3n permanente entre builds con y sin GIL (y m\u00f3dulos de ampliaci\u00f3n)\".<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Esto transformar\u00e1 absolutamente Python y, quiz\u00e1 lo m\u00e1s interesante, de formas que nadie conoce todav\u00eda. Brett Cannon, <a href=\"https:\/\/discuss.python.org\/t\/poll-feedback-to-the-sc-on-making-cpython-free-threaded-and-pep-703\/28540\">en una encuesta al equipo central de desarrolladores<\/a>escribi\u00f3 que \"hacer Python libre de hilos... tiene muchas inc\u00f3gnitas. No sabemos cu\u00e1nto c\u00f3digo depende impl\u00edcitamente del GIL, o es inseguro para los hilos de formas sutiles que est\u00e1n enmascaradas por el GIL\".<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>El GIL desaparece: \u00bfqu\u00e9 se llevar\u00e1 consigo?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Y, lo que es m\u00e1s importante, \u00bfc\u00f3mo ser\u00e1 el nuevo CPython?<\/p>\n<div class=\"shariff shariff-align-center shariff-widget-align-left shariff-buttonstretch\"><ul class=\"shariff-buttons theme-white orientation-horizontal buttonsize-medium\"><li class=\"shariff-button twitter shariff-nocustomcolor\" style=\"background-color:#595959\"><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/share?url=https%3A%2F%2Fpicockpit.com%2Fraspberry-pi%2Fes%2Fpython-dispatch-haciendo-el-gil-opcional%2F&text=Python%20Dispatch%3A%20Making%20the%20GIL%20Optional\" title=\"Compartir en X\" aria-label=\"Compartir en X\" role=\"button\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" class=\"shariff-link\" style=\"; background-color:#000; color:#000\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"shariff-icon\" style=\"fill:#000\"><svg width=\"32px\" height=\"20px\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\"><path fill=\"#000\" d=\"M14.258 10.152L23.176 0h-2.113l-7.747 8.813L7.133 0H0l9.352 13.328L0 23.973h2.113l8.176-9.309 6.531 9.309h7.133zm-2.895 3.293l-.949-1.328L2.875 1.56h3.246l6.086 8.523.945 1.328 7.91 11.078h-3.246zm0 0\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"shariff-text\" style=\"color:#000\">compartir<\/span>&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class=\"shariff-button facebook shariff-nocustomcolor\" style=\"background-color:#4273c8\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer\/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fpicockpit.com%2Fraspberry-pi%2Fes%2Fpython-dispatch-haciendo-el-gil-opcional%2F\" title=\"Compartir en Facebook\" aria-label=\"Compartir en Facebook\" role=\"button\" rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"shariff-link\" style=\"; background-color:#3b5998; color:#3b5998\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"shariff-icon\" style=\"fill:#3b5998\"><svg width=\"32px\" height=\"20px\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 18 32\"><path fill=\"#3b5998\" d=\"M17.1 0.2v4.7h-2.8q-1.5 0-2.1 0.6t-0.5 1.9v3.4h5.2l-0.7 5.3h-4.5v13.6h-5.5v-13.6h-4.5v-5.3h4.5v-3.9q0-3.3 1.9-5.2t5-1.8q2.6 0 4.1 0.2z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"shariff-text\" style=\"color:#3b5998\">compartir<\/span>&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class=\"shariff-button telegram shariff-nocustomcolor\" style=\"background-color:#4084A6\"><a href=\"https:\/\/telegram.me\/share\/url?url=https%3A%2F%2Fpicockpit.com%2Fraspberry-pi%2Fes%2Fpython-dispatch-haciendo-el-gil-opcional%2F&text=Python%20Dispatch%3A%20Making%20the%20GIL%20Optional\" title=\"Compartir en Telegram\" aria-label=\"Compartir en Telegram\" role=\"button\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" class=\"shariff-link\" style=\"; background-color:#0088cc; color:#0088cc\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"shariff-icon\" style=\"fill:#0088cc\"><svg width=\"32px\" height=\"20px\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 32 32\"><path fill=\"#0088cc\" d=\"M30.8 6.5l-4.5 21.4c-.3 1.5-1.2 1.9-2.5 1.2L16.9 24l-3.3 3.2c-.4.4-.7.7-1.4.7l.5-7L25.5 9.2c.6-.5-.1-.8-.9-.3l-15.8 10L2 16.7c-1.5-.5-1.5-1.5.3-2.2L28.9 4.3c1.3-.5 2.3.3 1.9 2.2z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"shariff-text\" style=\"color:#0088cc\">compartir<\/span>&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class=\"shariff-button reddit shariff-nocustomcolor\" style=\"background-color:#ff5700\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.reddit.com\/submit?url=https%3A%2F%2Fpicockpit.com%2Fraspberry-pi%2Fes%2Fpython-dispatch-haciendo-el-gil-opcional%2F\" title=\"Compartir en Reddit\" aria-label=\"Compartir en Reddit\" role=\"button\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" class=\"shariff-link\" style=\"; background-color:#ff4500; color:#ff4500\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"shariff-icon\" style=\"fill:#ff4500\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\"><path fill=\"#ff4500\" d=\"M440.3 203.5c-15 0-28.2 6.2-37.9 15.9-35.7-24.7-83.8-40.6-137.1-42.3L293 52.3l88.2 19.8c0 21.6 17.6 39.2 39.2 39.2 22 0 39.7-18.1 39.7-39.7s-17.6-39.7-39.7-39.7c-15.4 0-28.7 9.3-35.3 22l-97.4-21.6c-4.9-1.3-9.7 2.2-11 7.1L246.3 177c-52.9 2.2-100.5 18.1-136.3 42.8-9.7-10.1-23.4-16.3-38.4-16.3-55.6 0-73.8 74.6-22.9 100.1-1.8 7.9-2.6 16.3-2.6 24.7 0 83.8 94.4 151.7 210.3 151.7 116.4 0 210.8-67.9 210.8-151.7 0-8.4-.9-17.2-3.1-25.1 49.9-25.6 31.5-99.7-23.8-99.7zM129.4 308.9c0-22 17.6-39.7 39.7-39.7 21.6 0 39.2 17.6 39.2 39.7 0 21.6-17.6 39.2-39.2 39.2-22 .1-39.7-17.6-39.7-39.2zm214.3 93.5c-36.4 36.4-139.1 36.4-175.5 0-4-3.5-4-9.7 0-13.7 3.5-3.5 9.7-3.5 13.2 0 27.8 28.5 120 29 149 0 3.5-3.5 9.7-3.5 13.2 0 4.1 4 4.1 10.2.1 13.7zm-.8-54.2c-21.6 0-39.2-17.6-39.2-39.2 0-22 17.6-39.7 39.2-39.7 22 0 39.7 17.6 39.7 39.7-.1 21.5-17.7 39.2-39.7 39.2z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"shariff-text\" style=\"color:#ff4500\">compartir<\/span>&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>El Steering Council ha hecho un gran anuncio sobre el futuro de Python. En concreto, han decidido que el Bloqueo Global del Int\u00e9rprete (GIL) sea opcional en CPython y, con el tiempo, eliminarlo por completo. Esta es una gran decisi\u00f3n que alterar\u00e1 fundamentalmente a Python. Por lo tanto, en este post, voy a repasar lo que es el GIL, su...<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":4511,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1193,1721],"tags":[1726,1727,477,1731,1732,996,1729,1722,14,1723,1728,1725,476,1730,1724],"class_list":["post-4508","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-python","category-python-dispatch","tag-async","tag-asynchronous-programming","tag-circuitpython","tag-concurrency","tag-concurrent-programming","tag-cpython","tag-gil","tag-global-interpreter-lock","tag-micropython","tag-multithreading","tag-parallel-programming","tag-parallelism","tag-python","tag-python-dispatch","tag-single-threading"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Python Dispatch: Making the GIL Optional | 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