{"id":2236,"date":"2022-05-11T18:44:30","date_gmt":"2022-05-11T18:44:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/?p=2236"},"modified":"2023-09-18T13:53:06","modified_gmt":"2023-09-18T13:53:06","slug":"i2c-the-inter-integrated-circuit-bus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/pt\/i2c-o-circuito-integrado\/","title":{"rendered":"I2C - O Circuito Integrado Inter-Integrado de Autocarros"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/i2c-title-image-1024x576.png\" alt=\"Tudo sobre I2C T\u00edtulo Imagem\" class=\"wp-image-5346\" srcset=\"https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/i2c-title-image-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/i2c-title-image-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/i2c-title-image-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/i2c-title-image-18x10.png 18w, https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/i2c-title-image.png 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>O autocarro I2C \u00e9 muito comummente utilizado no reino incorporado. Explicamos como funciona e como instal\u00e1-lo no Raspberry Pi com um exemplo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Caracter\u00edsticas de I2C<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>O Inter-Integrated Circuit Bus \u00e9 um barramento de comunica\u00e7\u00e3o em s\u00e9rie s\u00edncrono. A Philips Semiconductors foi respons\u00e1vel pela inven\u00e7\u00e3o em 1982, mas a interface rapidamente ganhou popularidade.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/I2C-Characteristics-1024x275.jpg\" alt=\"Caracter\u00edsticas de I2C\" class=\"wp-image-2247\" style=\"width:662px;height:177px\" width=\"662\" height=\"177\" srcset=\"https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/I2C-Characteristics-1024x275.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/I2C-Characteristics-300x81.jpg 300w, https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/I2C-Characteristics-768x207.jpg 768w, https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/I2C-Characteristics-1536x413.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/I2C-Characteristics-2048x551.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/I2C-Characteristics-18x5.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 662px) 100vw, 662px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Caracter\u00edsticas de I2C<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Sin\u00f3nimos comummente utilizados s\u00e3o I<sup>2<\/sup>C, I2C ou IIC. A interface utiliza uma arquitectura Controller-Target e permite que o controlador comunique com at\u00e9 112 dispositivos com apenas dois fios.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>O controlador pode adaptar a taxa de bits para se adaptar \u00e0s necessidades espec\u00edficas do alvo. Assim, o I2C \u00e9 comtap\u00edvel com muitos dispositivos como Sensores, dispositivos EEPROM, Rel\u00f3gios, Condutores de Motores e mais.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cablagem<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ligar o autocarro I2C n\u00e3o poderia realmente ser mais f\u00e1cil, uma vez que s\u00f3 s\u00e3o necess\u00e1rios dois fios. Ligar o pino do rel\u00f3gio de s\u00e9rie (SCL) do controlador aos pinos do rel\u00f3gio de s\u00e9rie dos alvos e ligar tamb\u00e9m os seus pinos de dados de s\u00e9rie (SDA). O software I2C far\u00e1 o resto.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/I2C-Wiring-1024x414.jpg\" alt=\"Cablagem I2C\" class=\"wp-image-2249\" style=\"width:524px;height:211px\" width=\"524\" height=\"211\" srcset=\"https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/I2C-Wiring-1024x414.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/I2C-Wiring-300x121.jpg 300w, https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/I2C-Wiring-768x311.jpg 768w, https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/I2C-Wiring-1536x622.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/I2C-Wiring-2048x829.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/I2C-Wiring-18x7.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 524px) 100vw, 524px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Cablagem<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Se precisar de fornecer energia ao seu dispositivo I2C pode utilizar os pinos 3V3, 5V e GROUND Pi do seu Raspberry Pi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Alguns dispositivos como o nosso <a href=\"https:\/\/buyzero.de\/en\/products\/luftqualitatssensor-bosch-bme688-breakout-board?_pos=6&amp;_sid=0066ef795&amp;_ss=r\">BME688 Quadro de Discuss\u00e3o<\/a> ter um cabe\u00e7alho I2C para que n\u00e3o necessite de fios para os ligar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">I2C Comunica\u00e7\u00e3o<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>O Inter-Intergrated Circuit Bus pode ligar 128 dispositivos com apenas dois fios. Isto \u00e9 poss\u00edvel devido ao engenhoso princ\u00edpio de comunica\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Os fios (SDA e SCL) nunca s\u00e3o activamente conduzidos em altura. Se um dispositivo quiser enviar uma l\u00f3gica 1, deixa o fio a flutuar. Para enviar um zero l\u00f3gico, puxa o fio para a terra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>O controlador inicia a comunica\u00e7\u00e3o. Qualquer dispositivo na rede pode actuar como controlador e alvo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>O gr\u00e1fico abaixo mostra os bits individuais.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/I2C-Communication-1024x447.jpg\" alt=\"I2C Comunica\u00e7\u00e3o\" class=\"wp-image-2252\" style=\"width:549px;height:239px\" width=\"549\" height=\"239\" srcset=\"https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/I2C-Communication-1024x447.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/I2C-Communication-300x131.jpg 300w, https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/I2C-Communication-768x336.jpg 768w, https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/I2C-Communication-1536x671.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/I2C-Communication-2048x895.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/I2C-Communication-18x8.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 549px) 100vw, 549px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">I2C Comunica\u00e7\u00e3o<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Para iniciar a comunica\u00e7\u00e3o o controlador envia um Start-bit seguido pelo endere\u00e7o I2C do alvo e o modo de opera\u00e7\u00e3o desejado (R - Ler ou W - Escrever).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na comunica\u00e7\u00e3o I2C, o alvo tem de devolver um ACK-bit a cada 8 bits (ap\u00f3s cada byte). Uma vez que o espa\u00e7o de endere\u00e7os \u00e9 normalmente de 7 bits, existem 128 (0 a 127) endere\u00e7os. 16 deles s\u00e3o reservados. Isso deixa 112 poss\u00edveis endere\u00e7os para os dispositivos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>O endere\u00e7o do alvo e o modo de opera\u00e7\u00e3o s\u00e3o um byte, pelo que o alvo tem de devolver um ACK-bit. O controlador envia ent\u00e3o o endere\u00e7o de registo (8 bits), que o alvo reconhece novamente. A partir da\u00ed, a comunica\u00e7\u00e3o de leitura e escrita difere.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Para escrever, o controlador apenas envia os dados em blocos de 8 bits. O alvo reconhece cada bloco. Quando o controlador termina a escrita, envia o Stop-bit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Para a leitura, o controlador envia novamente o Start-bit, seguido do endere\u00e7o de destino. O alvo reconhece e come\u00e7a a enviar os dados em blocos de 8 bits. Desta vez, o controlador tem de reconhecer cada byte. Para parar a leitura, o controlador envia o NACK-bit e finalmente o Stop-bit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vantagens, Desvantagens e Aplica\u00e7\u00f5es<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vantagens<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>As vantagens do I2C Bus s\u00e3o bastante claras. Pode ligar 128 dispositivos com apenas dois fios e dois pinos cada um. Isto \u00e9 realmente poderoso. Al\u00e9m disso, tem velocidades flex\u00edveis. A configura\u00e7\u00e3o do hardware dificilmente poderia ser mais f\u00e1cil. Ao contr\u00e1rio da SPI, o controlador sabe se o alvo recebeu os dados correctamente.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/I2C-Advantages-1024x443.jpg\" alt=\"Vantagens\" class=\"wp-image-2251\" style=\"width:340px;height:147px\" width=\"340\" height=\"147\" srcset=\"https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/I2C-Advantages-1024x443.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/I2C-Advantages-300x130.jpg 300w, https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/I2C-Advantages-768x333.jpg 768w, https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/I2C-Advantages-18x8.jpg 18w, https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/I2C-Advantages.jpg 1104w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 340px) 100vw, 340px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Vantagens<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Desvantagens<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>O Inter-Integrate Circuit Bus requer mais espa\u00e7o e pot\u00eancia porque utiliza resist\u00eancias de trac\u00e7\u00e3o. \u00c9 mais lento em compara\u00e7\u00e3o com o SPI. Pode ter problemas se dois dispositivos usarem o mesmo endere\u00e7o I2C. O endere\u00e7o armazenado directamente no dispositivo. Alguns dispositivos permitem-lhe escolher entre dois endere\u00e7os poss\u00edveis, soldando um jumper a um local espec\u00edfico no dispositivo.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/I2C-Disadvantages-1024x444.jpg\" alt=\"Desvantagens\" class=\"wp-image-2250\" style=\"width:372px;height:161px\" width=\"372\" height=\"161\" srcset=\"https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/I2C-Disadvantages-1024x444.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/I2C-Disadvantages-300x130.jpg 300w, https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/I2C-Disadvantages-768x333.jpg 768w, https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/I2C-Disadvantages-18x8.jpg 18w, https:\/\/picockpit.com\/raspberry-pi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/I2C-Disadvantages.jpg 1103w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 372px) 100vw, 372px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Desvantagens<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Aplica\u00e7\u00f5es<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Se procurar por <a href=\"https:\/\/buyzero.de\/en\/search?type=product&amp;options%5Bprefix%5D=last&amp;options%5Bunavailable_products%5D=last&amp;q=sensor\">Sensor<\/a> na nossa Loja notar\u00e1 que quase todos os sensores que n\u00e3o s\u00e3o anal\u00f3gicos utilizam a Interface I2C. \u00c9 muito comum no espa\u00e7o embutido. H\u00e1 coisas como a mem\u00f3ria I2C. Muitas vezes, os micro-controladores utilizam o autocarro para a comunica\u00e7\u00e3o. Al\u00e9m disso, muitos DACs (<strong>D<\/strong>igital <strong>A<\/strong>nalog <strong>C<\/strong>onverter) e ADCs (<strong>A<\/strong>nalog <strong>D<\/strong>igital <strong>C<\/strong>onverter) s\u00e3o compat\u00edveis com a interface.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">I2C sobre o Raspberry Pi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>O nosso <a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/GSmq8ZH01Sg\">v\u00eddeo<\/a> mostra como instalar o Inter-Integrated Circuit bus no seu Raspberry Pi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" hcb-fetch-image-from=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=GSmq8ZH01Sg\" title=\"I2C no Raspberry Pi - COMO UTILIZAR I2C com Python\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/GSmq8ZH01Sg?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; 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Explicamos como funciona e como instal\u00e1-lo no Raspberry Pi com um exemplo. Caracter\u00edsticas do I2C O Inter-Integrated Circuit Bus \u00e9 um barramento de comunica\u00e7\u00e3o em s\u00e9rie s\u00edncrono. A Philips Semiconductors foi respons\u00e1vel pela inven\u00e7\u00e3o em 1982, mas a interface ganhou rapidamente...<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":5346,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[196],"tags":[208,205,206,207,201,204,189,188,187],"class_list":["post-2236","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-interfaces","tag-bus","tag-i2c","tag-iic","tag-inter-integrated-circuit","tag-interface","tag-knowledge","tag-pi","tag-raspberry","tag-raspberry-pi"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>I2C - The Inter-Integrated Circuit Bus | PiCockpit<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The I2C bus is very commonly used in the embedded realm. 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